Car heating system



March 24, 1936. R. J. PARSONS CAR HEATING SYSTEM Filed June 18,- 1932 TOCAR MOTOR T0 CON TRDL 7'0 FOL/EB 4N5 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 24,1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CAB HEATING SYSTEDI Application June18, 1932, Serial No. 818,046 '10 Claims. (01. ziszm For a detaileddescription of the present form of my invention, reference may be had tothe following specification and to the accompanying drawing forming apart thereof, wherein Fig. 1 is a diagram of my system;

Fig. 2 is a cross section of the duplex air duct in the car.

My system is of the type wherein the heat is provided by the car motorresistors, and/or, by other resistances as well, and is conveyed fromthe under-car enclosure containing said resistors to the car body by aline of duplex conduits.

In the drawing, A represents an enclosure underneath the car, containingthe heating coils, which are here shown as including the regular motorresistors C and two special coils E which are normally in series with afan motor 3 but the outer coil of the two may be connected at will byconductor l8, with any desired form of independent control apparatus(not shown) located on the car, so that the circuit to said coils may becontrolled independently of the switch U.

The enclosure A is connected at either end with the ducts D and G whichlead up into the car body and there G at least connects with the duplexducts J and K which extend under the car seats. Enclosure A is alsoprovided at its re-= spcctive ends with dampers a and b by which theoutside air may be admitted to the enclosure to any desired degree.Damper b is arranged so that in the summer time it can be opened. In theopen position it closes duct Ci. Heat from the resistor will then passto atmosphere; It will then serve as a means of ventilating theresistors during hot weather. The duplex ducts J and K aforesaid areformed of a rectangular tube of sheet metal with an internal partition Kdividing the main duct into two parallel tubes of which the one K, atthe left in Fig. 2, is rectangular and the other J is L-shaped. Thevertical outer wall of K and the vertical part of the internal dividingwall K are perforated with small holes. The rectangular tube contains aline of heater elements M, placed in the circuit at intervals, while theL-shaped tube constitutes an air supply source from which the air passesthrough the perforations into the rectangular tube, and over the heatersM therein and emerges thence into the car through the outer perforatedwall. This constitutes an effective distributor for the hot air andallows all of the air in the heaterless part of the duplex tubes to comefrom one source of supply, which, in this case, is the aforesaid duct Gleading up from the aforesaid enclosure A. It will be observed that thecurrent comes from between the two coils E as shown. The branch circuitii is provided with a branch i3 having a terminal contact in thevicinity of a similar terminal contact connected with the branch wire[2. These contacts are complemental to contacts carried by switches Rand S so as to respectively connect the wire i2 and the wires it, Hiwith separate or main heaters M by means of conductor M. It will benoted that the conductor I2 is so arranged as to provide a lay-passcircuit for a portion of the heater coils E.

The operation of the switches R and S is con trolled by anelectro-maguet Q which is in the circuit it which is grounded throughthe resistance l'l, as indicated. The magnet Q is bypassed by a branchcircuit leading from the circuit H and including a switch it controlledby the magnet P which in turn is controlled by a grounded thermostat Q.

In operation, the circuits are closed by the switch U so as to energizethe Ian motor. At this time the circuit from trolley T, to wire ll, allof. the coils E, motor B to ground. At the same time, the circuit fromwire 116 branches to the car control mechanism. If the temperature ofthe interior of the car is high the switches R and S will be in thepositions shown in the drawing. However, assuming that the car is coldthe circuit will also pass from the trolley through the branch 3 tobranch M and the heaters M. The result of closing the switch S will alsobe to bypass a portion of the heater coils E by way of conductor l2. Thecoils E are also rheostat coils for the fan motor, so that under theseconditions the speed of the motor is increased and current will flowover the branch circuit l2, switch S to conductor l4 and theheaters M.These conditions will be maintained until the interior of the carreaches a temperature which will actuate the thermostat 0, the result ofwhich is that the current after passing through the coil of magnet Qwill pass through the coil of magnet P and through the thermostat toground. The magnet P will thereupon be energized, attracting the switchii and closing the branch circuit l5 so as to by-pass the magnet Q anddeenergize the same, whereupon both switches R and S will move to openposition. At this time the current will be maintained through wires ii,l5, switch l5, magnet P and thermostat and also through the wire it, allof the coils E and the motor 13 o! the fan, so that the speed of the fanwill be reduced. It is preferable to place a manual control switch inthe main circuit leading from the trolley as indicated at X. Byeffecting the bypassing of one of the coils E and connecting the by-passwith the conductor i i a portion of the current which would otherwise beutilized to operate the fan is employed to supplement the currentthrough conductor 6 l to the main heaters by way of conductor id. Itwill he noted that one circuit is from the switch K through the relaycoil Q and relay P to the thermostat 0 and the ground. This circuit isarranged to he such resistance as compared the circuit through the relaycoil Q, resistance 53 and ground that sumcient energy will now thereinto energize the relay P. When the last mentioned relay is energized andits contact closed, then the circuit from switch 21' through the contactrelay P and through the relay P itself and thermostat Q to the ground isof such resistance that surZ-lcient current does not flow from X tlsoughrelay Q and to ground through the resistance adjacent thereto toenergize the relay @ne advantage of the alcove-described arrangement isthat it requires no safety devices other ordinary fuses to protect thefan or heaters. The inn maintains an active movement oi the air from endto end of the car and enclosure A.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a car heating system, an enclosure, heating coils therein, aninlet duct connected with said enclosure, an outlet duct also connectedwith said enclosure and provided with branches, heating ductsconstructed and arranged to he "placed adjacent the space to be heated,each heating duct being formed of two parallel tuhes separated by aperforated wall, one tube oi each duct having a perforated wan openinginto said space, and heaters in the last mentioned tube, the branches ofsaid outlet ducts being connected with the other tubes.

2. in a car heating system two branch circuits leading from a commonsource of enerw, one branch circuit including heater coils and a fanmotor in series, the other branch circuit includ ing a relay magnet; amain heater circuit, a circuit leading from the fan motor circuit at aposition to by-pass a portion of said heater coils, and means controlledby said magnet for simultaneously connecting or disconnecting the fancircuit and the by-pass circuit with said main heater circuit.

3. In a car heating system, two branch circuits leading from a commonsource of energy, one

branch circuit including heater coils and a fan motor in series, theother branch circuit including a relaymagnet, a main heater circuit, acircuit leading from the fan circuit at a position to by-pass a portionof said heater coils, and control means for deenergizing said relaymagnet so that the main heater circuit and the by-pass circuit will bebroken, said control means including means for continuing to maintainthe circuit to the heater coils and fan while the other circuits arebroken.

4. In a car heating system, a main heater circuit, two branch circuitsleading from a common source or energy, one of said branch circuitsincluding a relay switch connected with said heater circuit, a. fanmotor and a supplemental heater last-mentioned branch circuit forenergizing said magnet, temperature-responsive means for controlling themagnet energizing means, and means connected with the supplementalheater and said relay switch in such manner as to control the speed ofthe fan motor.

5. In a car heating system, a main heater circuit, two branch circuitsleading from a common source of energy, one of said branch circuitsincluding a relay switch connected with said heater circuit, a fan motorand rheostat coils for said motor in series therewith, the other branchcircuit including a magnet for controlling said relay switch, meansconnected with the lastinentioned branch circuit for energizing themagnet, and means connected to and movable with said relay switch foricy-passing a portion of said rheostat coils.

6. In a car heating system, a main heater circuit, two branch circuitsleading from a common source of energy, one of said branch circuitsincluding a relay switch, one of the terminals oi which is connectedwith said heater circuit, and also including a fan motor andsupplemental heater coils between the switch and the fan motor in seriestherewith and so constructed and arranged as to serve as the rheostatcoils for the motor, a supplemental member connected to and movable withsaid relay switch and normally connected in circuit with said mainheater circuit, the other branch circuit including a magnet forcontrolling said relay switch, means connected with the last-mentionedbranch circuit for energizing said magnet, temperature-responsive meansfor controlling the magnet energizing means, and means connecting thesupplemental 'switch member with said supplemental heater coils at aposition between the ends thereof so as to control the speed of the fanmotor.

7. In a car heating system, two branch circuits leading from a commonsource of energy, one of said branch circuits including a resistance anda fan motor arranged in series, and a relay switch for controlling saidmotor, the other branch circuit including a relay magnet for operatingmid switch, a main heater circuit connected with said switch,temperature-responsive means for controlling the operation of themagnet, and means also controlled by said relay for by-passing a part ofthe said resistance in such manner as to change the speed of the fan incorrelation with the operations of the temperature-responsive means.

8. In a car heating system, two branch circuits leading from a. commonsource of energy, one of said branch circuits including a resistance andafan motor arranged in series, and a relay switch for controlling saidmotor, the other branch circuit including a relay magnet for operatingsaid switch, means connected with the last-mentioned branch circuitproviding a circuit by-passing said relay magnet, temperature-responsivemeans for controlling the last-mentioned by-pass circuit, and means alsocontrolled by said relay for bypassing a part of the said resistance-insuch manner as to change the speed of the fan in correlation with theoperations of said temperatureresponsive means.

9. In a car heating system, two branch circuits leading from a commonsource of energy, one of said branch circuits including a resistance anda fan motor arranged in series, and a relay switch for controlling saidmotor, the other branch circult including a relay magnet for operatingsaid switch, a by-pass circuit leading from the said resistance at aposition between the ends thereof to said relay switch, a main heatercircuit also connected with said relay switch, a by-pass circuitconnected to the second branch circuit and so arranged as to by-passsaid relay magnet, said last-mentioned by-pass including a switch, amagnet controlling said switch, a thermostat, and means connecting saidthermostat and the coils or said magnets in series with the secondbranch circuit.

10. In a car heating. system, an enclosure, heaters therein, an inletduct connected with said enclosure, an outlet duct also connected withsaid enclosure and provided with branches, aircirculating'ductsconnected with said branches and adapted to distribute air to diverseregions or the space to be heated, having spaced wall openings incommunication with said space at said regions respectively, each heatingduct having a series of auxiliary heaters so disposed with relation tosaid wall openings as to impart heat at spaced intervals of each duct tothe air circulated to said space through said ducts and the 15

